Basic Structure Of Fiber Optic Cable

It mainly consists of three parts: fiber core, cladding, and sheath. The fiber core is the main channel for optical signal transmission, the cladding protects the fiber core and ensures total internal reflection of the optical signal within the fiber core, and the sheath protects the entire optical fiber structure from damage by the external environment.

 

Core: The central part, approximately 5-10 micrometers in diameter (about the thickness of a human hair), made of high-purity glass or plastic, where optical signals are transmitted.

 

Cladding: A layer that surrounds the core, with a lower refractive index than the core, ensuring that light propagates within the core through total internal reflection.

 

Coating: An outer protective material (such as plastic or metal), providing tensile strength, moisture protection, and corrosion resistance.